What is a Supervised Treatment Order (STO) ? A Guide for Clients and Families
- Amie
- Aug 6
- 2 min read
When I first heard the term “Supervised Treatment Order”, I had no idea what it was all about. I’ve worked in the sector for a while and am familiar with things like guardianship orders or even criminal orders – but this was something different. The process felt complicated, full of unfamiliar steps and terminology, even as a professional.
So if you’re a client, family member or carer trying to understand what an STO is, you’re not alone. It’s confusing – especially if you’re already navigating challenges related to disability, trauma, or mental health. Through supporting someone on the pathway to an STO, I’ve learned a lot. I’m sharing that knowledge here to help others make sense of it, know their rights and find the right support along the way.
What is a Supervised Treatment Order (STO)?
A Supervised Treatment Order (STO) is a legal order made by VCAT (a tribunal in Victoria) that allows a person with an intellectual disability to be detained or closely supervised. This happens only when there’s a serious risk of harm to others, and less restrictive options have been ruled out.
An STO might involve:
Someone being locked in a place for safety
Being constantly supervised or escorted
Being required to follow a treatment plan
It’s not something that happens often — only in situations where the risk is very high, and support professionals believe it’s necessary to keep others safe.
Why Might Someone Be Put on an STO?
For an STO to be considered, there needs to be:
A history of behaviours that have caused serious harm or posed serious risk
Evidence that other strategies haven't worked
A clear plan in place to reduce risk over time
It’s not about punishment — it’s about safety, structure, and support.
What Does the Process Look Like?
Here’s a general step-by-step:
Risk assessment is done by an independent clinician.
A treatment plan is created (this is like a very detailed behaviour support plan).
An Authorised Program Officer (APO) applies to VCAT.
The case is taken to VCAT, where the decision is made.
The person has the right to legal support and advocacy.
If there’s an immediate danger, a short-term order can be put in place quickly while the full assessment is done.
What Can Families and Clients Do?
It’s normal to feel overwhelmed. The process can feel confusing and confronting. But there are supports available:
Advocates can help speak up for you or your loved one.
You can ask questions at any time — about the process, the plan, or the purpose of the STO.
You or your family member should be included in conversations wherever possible.
Where to Get Support
Final Note:
This process is meant to protect safety and dignity.
If you or someone you care for is involved in the STO process, you are not alone.
Support is available — and your voice matters.
Industry Resource Links:
Department of Families, Fairness and Housing (DFFH) - Guidelines for Supervised Treatment Orders
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